Computer desks are different from other desks as they are specially organized to contain every part of the computer such as the monitor, tower, keyboard, and mouse. Some of them also have specific arrangements to contain a printer, scanner, webcam, and other peripherals. Towers are usually arranged in a compartment below the desk, while the monitors are placed on the desk. Keyboards and mice are placed in retractable shelves just under the top of the desk. If there are printers and scanners then they may be adjusted on the desk itself next to the monitor (if it is broad enough).

The backs of computer desks are open. This provision is made to pass the cables connecting the various parts of the computer. Some desks may have plywood at their backs, but there may be slots to pass the cables through them. The front of the desk can be locked, especially the compartment containing the keyboard and mouse so that no one may operate the computer without permission. Some desks have arrangements to lock the compartment containing the CPU in addition to the shelves for the keyboard and mouse.

Wood is the favorite material for building computer desks. Wood can be given different finishes and veneers to give it different looks. After wood, fiberglass and metal are preferred materials for computer desks. Wood computer desks are the most expensive. Computer desks are available in stores in standard sizes. However, one may hire a carpenter to build a custom desk according to desired requirements. Such custom desks are more expensive than standard desks, but there is greater possibility that they will meet all the requirements of the owner.

Computer desks must be checked for their ergonomic comfort before purchase. The surface on which the monitor is to be placed should neither be too high nor too low. Similarly, the shelf containing the keyboard and mouse must be at a convenient height. If the desk comes along with a chair, then the ergonomics of the chair must also be taken into consideration.

A good idea is to have small wheels attached to the legs of the computer desks so that it may be moved from one place to another. Computer desks cannot be placed too close to the walls as space is required for the cables to pass.